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WAEC 2026 Islamic Studies Questions and Answers

 

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NUMBER ONE

(1ai) The devotion is Hajj.

(1aii) Hajj is the pilgrimage to Makkah performed by Muslims at a specific time of the year as an act of worship and obedience to Allah, involving prescribed rites.

(1bi)
The first compulsory act is Ihram (state of consecration).
On arrival, the pilgrim enters into Ihram by making the intention (niyyah) and wearing the prescribed garments while avoiding prohibited acts.

(1bii)
(I)Tawaf (circling the Ka‘bah):
The pilgrim walks round the Ka‘bah seven times in worship, glorifying Allah and showing unity of believers.

(II) Sa‘y (walking between Safa and Marwah):
He walks seven times between the hills of Safa and Marwah, remembering Hajar’s search for water and trusting in Allah.

(III) Standing at Arafat (Wuquf):
The pilgrim stands in prayer at Mount Arafat, seeking forgiveness and mercy, which is the most important pillar of Hajj.

(1c)
(i)Unity of Muslims:
Hajj teaches that all Muslims are equal regardless of race or status. Everyone dresses similarly and worships together, showing brotherhood.

(ii) Obedience to Allah
The pilgrim follows strict rules and rituals as commanded by Allah. This builds discipline and submission to divine authority.

(iii) Humility:
Wearing simple Ihram removes pride and worldly distinctions. It reminds the pilgrim of human equality and dependence on Allah.

(iv) Patience and endurance:
Hajj involves physical and emotional challenges. The pilgrer learns to remain patient and steadfast in difficult situations.

(v) Repentance and spiritual renewal:
The pilgrim seeks forgiveness sincerely during Hajj. This helps him return home spiritually purified and committed to a better life

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(2a)
(i) Year of birth: 194 AH (810 CE).
(ii) Place of birth: Bukhara (in modern-day Uzbekistan).
(iii) Full name: Muḥammad ibn Ismā‘īl al-Bukhārī.
(iv) Year of death: 256 AH (870 CE).
(v) Title of his collection: Sahih al-Bukhari (originally Al-Jami’ al-Musnad al-Sahih al-Mukhtasar min Umur Rasul Allah wa Sunanihi wa Ayyamihi).
(vi) One of his teachers: Imām Ahmad ibn Hanbal (others include Ishaq ibn Rahwayh and Ali ibn al-Madini).
(vii) One of the places he visited to learn: He traveled extensively across the Islamic world, including Mecca, Medina, Egypt, Syria, and Baghdad.

(2b)
(i)Strict Continuity (Ittisal): He ensured an unbroken chain of narrators reaching back directly to the Prophet (S.A.W.).
(ii)Narrator Integrity (‘Adalah): Every narrator in the chain had to be a person of exemplary character and piety.
(iii)Accuracy and Memory (Dabt): Narrators were required to have a precise and proven memory to ensure the text remained unchanged.
(iv)Proof of Meeting (Liqa’): Unlike some other scholars, Bukhari required proof that two successive narrators in a chain had actually met in person.
(v)Lack of Flaws (‘Illah): The Hadith had to be free from any subtle hidden defects in the chain or the text.
(vi)Spiritual Verification: It is recorded that he performed Ghusl and prayed two units of Istikhara prayer before adding any Hadith to his final collection
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(3a)
(i) Aws
(ii) Khazraj

(3b)
(i) Establishment of the Constitution of Madīnah: He drafted a constitution that guided the relationship between Muslims, Jews, and other groups. It ensured peace, justice, and cooperation among the people.
(ii) Maintenance of law and order: He ensured that peace prevailed in the society by settling disputes and preventing conflicts. This created stability in Madīnah.
(iii) Collection and distribution of Zakat: He organized the collection of Zakat from the wealthy. The funds were distributed to the poor and needy to reduce inequality.
(iv) Appointment of officials: He appointed governors, judges, and other officers to assist in administration. This helped in effective governance of the growing Muslim community.
(v) Defense and security of the state: He organized the Muslim army and planned defense strategies. This protected Madīnah from external attacks.

(3c)
(i) Persecution in Makkah: Muslims were severely oppressed by the Quraysh. This made it difficult for them to practice their religion freely.
(ii) Invitation from the people of Yathrib: The people of Yathrib invited the Prophet to come and lead them. They pledged support through the Pledges of Aqabah.
(iii) Need for a safe place to practice Islam: Muslims needed an environment where they could worship without fear. Yathrib offered safety and acceptance.
(iv) Divine instruction from Allah: The Prophet migrated following Allah’s command. This made the Hijrah a significant event in Islamic history.

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​(5a)
Ayat al-Kursiy.

(​5b)

​(5c)
(i) Al-Hayy: It means “the living” or “the ever-living”

(ii) Al-Qayyum: It means “the Self-Subsistent”. He is the source of all existence and requires no sustenance from anything else

(iii) The Sustainer of all: He maintains and upholds the entire heaven and earth without ever getting tired of doing so

(iv) The Owner of absolute knowledge: His knowledge is total and timeless, quite distinct from creation, encompassing everything past, present, and future

​(5d)
(i) Rejection of Anthropomorphism: The verse contradicts the idea of attributing human characteristics to non-human beings, making it clear that Allah is high above human needs like getting tired or resting after work

(ii) Allah is Independent and Tireless: There is no time when Allah is overcome by sleep or drowsiness. He is never tired of upholding the heaven and earth, which contrasts with the Book of Genesis statement that God “rested” on the seventh day

(iii) The Islamic View of Intercession: No human being or angel has the automatic right or power to intercede with Allah unless He specifically allows it. Therefore, prayers must be addressed directly to Allah rather than prophets, saints, or dead ancestors

(iv) The Limitation of Human Knowledge: There is a vast difference between Allah’s total, timeless knowledge and man’s limited, time-bound knowledge. Man can only know what Allah wills him to know through revelation or his limited senses and mind.