WELCOME TO ONLINE ANSWERS  For Waec MAY/JUNE 2023 Literature Prose & Objective Answers

 

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LITERATURE
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QUESTION 1

In Buchi Emecheta’s novel “Second Class Citizen,” the main character, Adah, begins attending the Methodist School on her first day in London. This event contributes significantly to the development of the plot in several ways.

Firstly, Adah’s enrollment in the Methodist School marks a significant shift in her life. Prior to this, she had been living in Nigeria, where she faced discrimination and limited opportunities because of her gender. By starting school in London, Adah gains access to education and the possibility of a better future. This sets the stage for her personal growth and development throughout the novel.

Secondly, the Methodist School serves as a microcosm of British society. Adah encounters cultural differences and racism from her classmates and teachers, which reflects the larger societal issues she will face as a black immigrant in England. Her experiences at the school highlight the challenges she will face as she tries to navigate life in a new country.

Finally, Adah’s time at the Methodist School introduces her to new people and experiences that will shape her future. She befriends a classmate named Mary, who becomes one of her closest friends, and she also develops a crush on a boy named Francis. These relationships will play significant roles in Adah’s life as she grows older.

Overall, Adah’s first day at the Methodist School is a pivotal moment in “Second Class Citizen.” It sets the stage for the novel’s exploration of themes such as immigration, discrimination, and personal growth, and introduces characters and experiences that will shape the plot as it unfolds.
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QUESTION 2

In Buchi Emecheta’s novel “Second Class Citizen,” Mr. Noble is a landlord who finds it difficult to evict his tenants for several reasons.

Firstly, Mr. Noble is portrayed as an absentee landlord who does not take an active role in managing his properties. He lives in Nigeria and relies on a middleman to collect rent and manage the properties in his absence. This lack of direct involvement makes it difficult for him to handle issues that arise with his tenants, including eviction.

Secondly, Mr. Noble’s tenants are mainly immigrants who have come to London looking for a better life. They often struggle to pay rent on time due to financial difficulties and the challenges of living in a new country. Mr. Noble is sympathetic to their struggles and is reluctant to evict them, even when they fall behind on rent.

Additionally, Mr. Noble is a Christian and feels a moral obligation to help those in need. He believes that providing affordable housing to immigrants is a way of fulfilling this obligation, and he is hesitant to evict tenants who are struggling.

Finally, Mr. Noble’s own financial situation is precarious. He has invested heavily in properties in London and relies on rental income to support himself and his family. Evicting tenants would mean losing rental income, which would put him in a difficult financial position.

Overall, Mr. Noble’s difficulty in evicting his tenants is a complex issue that reflects the challenges faced by both landlords and tenants in a changing society. It highlights the difficulties of managing property from a distance, the challenges faced by immigrants in a new country, and the moral and financial struggles of those who own property.
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QUESTION 3
Mama Orojo is a character in the novel who is the matriarch of the Orojo family. She is portrayed as a wise and respected elder in her community who is deeply committed to her family. Despite facing numerous challenges and setbacks in her life, she remains steadfast in her faith and is a source of strength and inspiration to those around her. Mama Orojo is also depicted as a strict disciplinarian who values hard work and education, and she encourages her children and grandchildren to strive for success in their lives. Overall, Mama Orojo is a complex and multifaceted character who plays an important role in the novel’s portrayal of Ghanaian family life and culture.
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(4)
Massa is Nii Tackie’s sick wife who hails from Sampa. She is an orphan adopted by certain parents. Her terminal disease or aliment seems to defy all forms of treatment because the doctor in charge of the treatment has passed a death sentence on her, she has just few days. The health workers have wished her all the best. Nii has realized that Massa is dying slowly each second. Life has just began to treat both of them well two years before until suddenly she is taken ill.

Fortunately, a friend has recommended them to see a spiritualist, known as “God is beyond science”. This time she is already a shadow of her former self “She was already looking like a grandmother at twenty two” She vomits spits and defecates in her sleeping position owing to the ailment. Nii then takes a bold step to convey her to the spiritualist home and she unfortunately dies on their way. Nii who is already fed up with the hardship in the country and the inability of his bank and teaching job to sustain him, abandons her corpse at the Korofidua mortuary and runs away, until Mama and Joe trace Massa’s corpse to the mortuary and gives her a befitting burial.

Symbolically, Massa represents the living physical condition, political, social and moral decay, she represents the nation in labour, hanging on tenaciously to life by the thinnes of threads, Like the collapsing state of Ghana, looking at her.

Marshak is Nii’s friend who is a fugitive prostitute. Nii met her at the Hotel Irohin while Nii was working as a slave in cassava farm. Her father was shot dead during the revolution at home and all their properties confiscated. The revolutionaries claimed that her father was a reactionary and a saboteur. Her mother and her two sisters were smuggled across the border at Elubo, and they are now in the Ivory Coast. Marshak submits upon meeting Nii. Marshak has made a decision to be a change person and get married someday. She may be a prostitute but the most important thing to her is that she wants to be free. She is looking for an opportunity to mend and redeem herself from a life of filth imposed on her by circumstances at home.

One unfortunate thing happens to Marshak that Nii would live to remember. Marshak finds it difficult to change her ways. She continues to play ball with men, even some immigration officers were her customers. Nii visits her on that fateful day and meets her in the pool of her own blood and he’s informed that she attempts to abort a baby but Nii still believes that she takes her own life.

Prior to her death, when event Nii what’s to have an affair with her, she always remembers her late wife Massa.

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(5)
The narrator who speaks in the voice of a man in his 40s remembers his youth as the novel opens. He remembers when he has not yet discovered his identity or realized that he was an invisible man. The narrator relates an anecdote concerning his grandfather, who on his death bed shocks his family, revealing himself a spy and a traitor to his race. The narrator then dreams that he’s in the mists of his grandfather that night, who refuses to laugh at the clowns. His grandfather orders him to open the briefcase and read the message contained in an official envelope, the narrator finds that each envelope contains yet, another envelope. In the envelope, instead of scholarship, he finds an engraved document, with the message “To Whom It May Concern, keep This Nigger-Boy Running”. The grandfather’s deathbed scene and advice represent ancestor or ghost of slavery and the need to get rid of the past.

The advice influenced the narrator who the protagonist and principal character in the novel. His name and true identity is never mentioned. The narrator begins and ends the novel as a type of embodied voice. He addresses his story through the use of the first person narration. At the beginning of the novel, he explains the meaning of this invisibility simply because people refuse to see me…

The narrator is gullible; for he’s easily deceived by the white and other people around him. He should have known that Dr. Bledsoe does not have any good intention for him. When Bledsoe gives the narrator the recommended letters, knowing fully well that Bledsoe initially yells and criticizes the narrator for showing the unpleasant side of the black community to Mr. Norton. The narrator refuses to believe that Dr. Bledsoe is trying to get rid of him through expulsion, little did he know that the letters were not of recommendation, but of rejection.

Before the narrator joins the Brotherhood, he remains extremely innocent and inexperienced. He is prone to think the best of people even when he has reason not to, and he remains constantly respectful of authority. The narrator’s innocence sometimes causes him to misunderstand important events in the novel. For instance, the narrator accepts his scholarship from the brutish white men with gladness. Although, he passes no judgment on the white man’s behavior. The narrator remains vulnerable to the identity that society thrusts upon him as an African- American. He plays the role of the service black man to the white man. He also plays the industrious, uncomplaining disciple of Booker T. Washington during his college year, he agrees to act as the Brotherhood’s black spokesman, which allows the Brotherhood use him.

But the narrator also proves very intelligent and introspective.

Finally, the narrator has retreated to underground, yet in the act of telling a story, the narrator comes to realize the danger of invisibility. He concludes his story determined to honor his own complexity rather than subdue it in the interest of a group of ideology. Though most of the narrator’s difficulties arise from the fact that he’s black. The novelist sees the narrator’s as a universal character- a direct representation of the struggle just like the father.

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(6) The Ideology of ‘the brotherhood’ was portrayed through Mr. Jack and the Narrator. Jack is a local leader of the communist party who recruits the narrator to be their speaker. He is also the leader of the Brotherhood, to point out the failures of abstract ideologies to address the real plight of African Americans and other victims of oppression. At first, Jack seems kind, compassionate, intelligent and helpful; a real friend to the struggling narrator whom he gives money, a job and seemingly – a way to help his people fight against prejudice. But as the story progresses, it becomes clear that the narrator is just as invisible to jack as he is to everyone else.

Jack is a manipulator, because he sees the narrator not as a person, but as a tool for the advancement of the Brotherhood goals. It later becomes clear to the narrator that Jack shares the same racial prejudice as the rest of the white American society, and when the Brotherhood’s focus changes, Jack abandons the black community without regret. He is also a cunning man who only uses the narrator to assist the advancement of the Brotherhood.

Brother Jack does not only rob away the narrator’s ideas but also replace them with the Brotherhood ideas. Brother Jack’s literal blindness is a metaphor for the flawed vision he possesses for the brotherhood. Brother Jack is not what the narrator thought he’s and not what we readers think he is.

Brother Jack and the entire Brotherhood use people such as the narrator to build a stronger basis for their organization to fully show case their ideology. Brother Jack uses the narrator also to establish fame of the Brotherhood ideology. Brother Jack does not see the narrator as a friend or as a co-worker, but as a tool for the Brotherhood advancement. This is a perfect example of a person who does things according to his self-interests.

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QUESTION 6

The ideology of the Brotherhood in the novel 1984 is based on a totalitarian form of socialism, which emphasizes the complete control of the state over all aspects of human life. It is an approach characterized by authoritarianism, the use of propaganda, and manipulation of language to maintain power and control.

The Brotherhood claims to be a resistance movement fighting against the oppressive government of Oceania. Its members believe that the current government, led by the dictator Big Brother, has completely corrupted any notion of freedom, justice, and humanity, and therefore needs to be overthrown by any means necessary, including violence.

The ideology of the Brotherhood emphasizes the importance of a classless society that is based on equality; members of the Brotherhood believe that the current society is riddled with social and economic inequalities. They see the current society as being characterized by a small ruling class that has access to resources while the masses languish in poverty.

The Brotherhood believes that the elimination of private property, the abolition of the capitalist system, and the eradication of class distinctions will lead to a more equitable society. The Brotherhood also emphasizes the importance of collective action and a commitment to the common good.

In conclusion, the ideology of the Brotherhood in the novel 1984 is founded on a socialist approach characterized by a totalitarian regime where the state has complete control over individuals. It emphasizes the importance of a classless society based on equality and collective action while taking an approach of eliminating private property, capitalism, and class distinctions.
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(7)
Heathcliff’s marriage to Isabella is a tumultuous one, characterized by a lack of love and respect on both sides. Heathcliffonly marries Isabella as a means of gaining control over her brother, Edgar Linton, and the wealth and property that comes with their family’s name. Isabella is enamored with the idea of marrying Heathcliff, both for his perceivedonly marries Isabella as a means of seeking revenge on her brother, Edgar. Heathcliff’s plan is to marry Isabella and then mistreat her so as to hurt Edgar, whom she is infatuated with.

Once they are married, Heathcliff treats Isabella cruelly, both physically and emotionally. He has no love for her and sees her simply as a pawn in his game of revenge. Isabella, for her part, is foolish to marry Heathcliff in the first place, as she knows little about him and is drawn to him by his dark and brooding nature.

Despite her mistreatment by Heathcliff, Isabella remains in love with him and refuses to leave him for some time. It is only when she becomes pregnant with his child that she finally sees him for the monster he truly is and decides to leave him and the dangerous surroundings of Wuthering Heights.

In the end, Heathcliff’s marriage to Isabella serves only to demonstrate his cruel and vengeful nature and to further emphasize the toxic relationships that exist throughout the novel.
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QUESTION 8

In Emily Bronte’s novel, “Wuthering Heights,” the use of weather, windows, and setting as symbols is a significant aspect of the story. These symbols are used to convey the emotional and psychological states of the characters and to reflect the themes of the novel.

Weather is a recurring symbol throughout the novel, often reflecting the emotional turmoil of the characters. For example, the violent storms that occur frequently in the novel often coincide with moments of intense conflict or passion between characters. The stormy weather also reflects the wild and unpredictable nature of the moors, which are a dominant setting in the novel.

Windows are another important symbol in the novel, representing both barriers and connections between characters. The windows of Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, the two main houses in the novel, are often used to separate or unite characters. For example, the windows of Wuthering Heights are frequently described as small and high, creating a sense of isolation and confinement for the characters inside. In contrast, the windows of Thrushcross Grange are large and bright, representing the openness and freedom that the characters inside enjoy.

The setting of the novel is also significant, particularly the wild and desolate moors that surround Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. The moors represent both the untamed nature of the characters and the isolation that they experience. The moors also serve as a metaphor for the emotional landscape of the characters, reflecting their moods and desires.

Overall, the use of weather, windows, and setting as symbols in “Wuthering Heights” adds depth and complexity to the novel’s themes and characters. These symbols help to convey the emotional turmoil and psychological states of the characters, as well as the themes of isolation, confinement, and freedom.
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