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Waec 2025 Physics Question And Answer

Wednesday, 21st May 2025
Physics 2 (Essay), 2:00pm – 3:30pm
Physics 1 (Objective), 3:30pm – 4:45pm

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PHYSICS OBJ
01-10: BBCDACBCBB
11-21: ADBBCCDCBC
21-30: CDABAAADBA
31-40: ABABCCBCDA
41-50: BBACBBCABC

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2025-WAEC-PHYSICS

PART I: ANSWER FIVE (5) QUESTIONS ONLY

(1)
R = (U²Sin2θ)/g
Where:
-U is the initial velocity (dimension: LT⁻¹, where L is length and T is time)
-θ is the angle (dimensionless)
-g is the acceleration due to gravity (dimension: LT⁻²)
Now, let’s determine the dimension of R:
R = (U²Sin2θ)/g
R = U²/g
= ((LT⁻¹)² / (LT⁻²)
= (L²T⁻²) / (LT⁻²)
= L
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(2)
(i) Gas Laser:
Used in barcode scanners in supermarkets and retail stores.
(ii) Chemical Laser:
Used in military applications for missile defense and high-energy laser weapons.
(iii) Dye Laser:
Used in medical treatments such as removing birthmarks and vascular skin lesions.
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(3)
By 8am!
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(4)
By 8am!
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(5)
Given:
Initial extension = 0.04 m when F = 6 N
spring constant (k):
k = F /e
= 6 N / 0.04 m
= 150 N/m
New extension when F = 8 N:
e = F / k
= 8 N/150 N/m
= 0.0533 m
New length = Natural length + New extension
= 5 m + 0.0533 m
= 5.0533 m
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(6)
(i) Laser light consists of a single wavelength, whereas white light comprises multiple wavelengths.
(ii) Laser light waves are in phase (coherent), whereas white light waves are out of phase (incoherent).
(iii) Laser light travels in a focused, directional beam, whereas white light disperses in various directions.
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(7)
(i) Retentivity
Retentivity is the ability of a magnetic material to retain its magnetization even after the external magnetic field is removed.
(ii) Iron
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PART II: ANSWER THREE(3) QUESTIONS ONLY

(8ai)
A semiconductor is said to be doped when a small amount of impurity is intentionally added to a pure semiconductor to increase its electrical conductivity.

(8aii)
I. Intrinsic semiconductor:
An intrinsic semiconductor is a pure semiconductor material without any significant impurities added.
II. Extrinsic semiconductor:
An extrinsic semiconductor is a semiconductor that has been doped with impurity atoms (dopants) to increase its conductivity.

(8b)
Coming soon

(8d)
Stopping potential is defined as the minimum negative potential (voltage) applied to the collector electrode in a photoelectric experiment that just stops the most energetic photoelectrons emitted from reaching the collector.
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(9a)
Deformation refers to the change in shape or size of an object under an external force, while elasticity refers to the ability of an object to return to its original shape or size after the external force is removed.

(9b)
GRAPH (by 8am)

(9bii)
Slope = ∆F/∆e
Point 1: (Extension = 10.0 cm, Force = 2.0 N)
Point 2: (Extension = 30.0 cm, Force = 6.0 N)
S = (6.0-2.0)/(30.0-10.0)
S = 4.0/20.0
S = 0.2N/cm

(9biii)
The slope represents the spring constant
k, indicating the stiffness of the spring.

(9c)
Given:
Mass (m) = 40 g = 0.04 kg
Elastic constant (k) = 350 N/m
Extension (x) = 4 cm = 0.04 m
Elastic potential energy stored in the rubber(E) = (1/2)kx²
= (1/2) × 35 × (0.04)²
(1/2) × 35 × 0.0016
= 0.28 J
This energy is converted to kinetic energy of the stone:
K = (1/2)mv² = E
(1/2)mv² = 0.28 J
(1/2) × 0.04 × v² = 0.28
v² = (2 × 0.28)/0.04
v² = 14
v = √14
v = 3.74 m/s

(9d)
(i) Bulk modulus
Bulk modulus is a measure of a material’s resistance to compression under uniform pressure.
(ii) Energy gained by the wire
Given:
Mass (m) = 2.5g = 0.0025kg
Extension (x) = 2cm = 0.02m
g = 10m/s²
Force (F) = mg = 0.0025 × 10 = 0.025N
Energy gained (E) = (1/2)Fx
= (1/2) × 0.025 × 0.02
= 2.5 × 10⁻⁴ J
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(10a)
(i) First overtone;
The first overtone is the second harmonic of a vibrating system, having a frequency twice that of the fundamental frequency.
(ii) End correction;
End correction accounts for the fact that the antinode of a standing wave in a pipe doesn’t exactly coincide with the physical end.

(10b)
Given:
Length (L) = 40 cm = 0.4 m
End correction (e) = 3.2 cm = 0.032 m
Velocity of sound (v) = 330 m/s
Effective length = L + e = 0.4 + 0.032 = 0.432m
Wave length (λ)= 4Leff
λ = 4×0.432
= 1.728m
Frequency (f) = v/λ=
= 330/1.728
= 191Hz

(10ci)
Given: n = 8
n = 360° / β – 1
360° / β = n + 1
360° / β = 8 + 1
360° / β = 9
β = 360° / 9
β = 40°

(10cii)
(i) Mirage involves refraction and total internal reflection in air, while total internal reflection occurs at a medium boundary.
(ii) Mirage produces an inverted image, while total internal reflection produces a mirror-like reflection.

(10ciii)
Given: f₀ = 3 cm, fe = 6 cm, L = 20 cm
v₀ = L – fe = 20 – 6 = 14 cm
1/f₀ = 1/v₀ – 1/u₀
1/3 = 1/14 – 1/u₀
1/u₀ = 1/14 – 1/3
1/u₀ = (3 – 14) / 42
1/u₀ = -11 / 42
u₀ = -42 / 11
u₀ = -3.82 cm
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(11)
Coming soon
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(12)
Coming soon
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NUMBER 1

NUMBER 2

NUMBER 3

NUMBER 4

NUMBER 5

NUMBER 6

NUMBER 7

NUMBER 8

NUMBER 9

NUMBER 10

NUMBER 11

NUMBER 12

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