Neco 2023 Agric Science Objective & Essay Answers

 

2023 NECO AGRIC OBJ

01-10: BCDDCCAABE

11-20: ECACCEEAAD

21-30: DEEDDCCAAD

31-40: CEEACBAACD

41-50: EDEEACAEDE

51-60: AADACDCCAA

 

 

 

ANSWER FIVE QUESTIONS ONLY.. ONE FROM EACH SECTION

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SECTION A (ANSWER ONE FROM QUESTION 1 & 2)

 

(1a)

{CHOOSE ANY BEST 4}

(i) Security of Tenure: It is to safeguard farmers against unreasonable eviction.

(ii) Ensuring Proper Land Use: This is ensure that agricultural land is not unnecessarily diverted to non agricultural purposes.

(iii) Government Projects: This is to make large tracts of land available for government sponsored development of large scale farms or resettlement schemes.

(iv) Influence on Size of Holdings: It is to prevent land fragmentation and encourage the consolidation of small holdings into large units.

(v) Control of Production: It is to encourage the production of certain produce and curtail the production of other through the control of land use.

 

(1b)

(i) Education and Training: NGOs conduct workshops, training sessions, and awareness programs to educate beekeepers, farmers, and local communities about the importance of bees and sustainable beekeeping practices.

(ii) Access to Improved Beekeeping Equipment: Many NGOs work to provide beekeepers with modern and improved beekeeping equipment, such as beehives, protective gear, smokers, and honey extractors.

(iii) Research and Development: NGOs often conduct research on bee-related issues, such as bee diseases, habitat loss, and environmental threats.

(iv) Establishment of Beekeeping Cooperatives: NGOs facilitate the formation of beekeeping cooperatives to encourage collective efforts and resource-sharing among beekeepers.

 

(1c)

{CHOOSE ANY BEST 3}

(i) Tree puller does not compress the soil.

(ii) It does not remove the top soil which is very fertile.

(iii) The removal of the soil cover is avoided, thy retaining mulching effects of vegetative cover.

(iv) Land is less prone to erosive forces.

(v) The organic matter content of the soil is retained.

(vi) It leads to no na destruction of soil structure.

 

(1d)

{CHOOSE ANY BEST 4}

(i) Topography.

(ii) Soil type.

(iii) Accessibility.

(iv) Water Supply.

(v) Health/Hygiene.

(vi) Nearness to the Market.

(vii) Drainage.

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SECTION B (ANSWER ONE FROM QUESTION 3 & 4)

 

 

 

3a)

(i) Crop rotation involves the regular alternation of different crops on a piece of land to improve soil fertility and crop yields.

(ii) It involves the rotation of leguminous crops with non-leguminous crops to fix nitrogen in the soil.

(iii) It involves the rotation of crops with different rooting depths to improve soil structure and moisture retention.

(iv) It involves the rotation of crops with different nutrient requirements to avoid nutrient depletion in the soil.

 

(3b)

(i) Commensalism is a type of ecological association where one organism benefits while the other is neither harmed nor benefited. Symbiosis, on the other hand, is a type of ecological association where two organisms live together in a close relationship.

(ii) Predation is a type of ecological association where one organism (predator) kills and eats another (prey) for food While Parasitism is a type of ecological association where one organism (parasite) benefits at the expense of the other (host).

 

(3c)

(i) Rocks provide a natural source of minerals and nutrients to the soil.

(ii) They help to improve soil drainage and aeration.

(iii) Rocks can help to reduce soil erosion and water runoff.

(iv) They can also help to regulate soil temperature and moisture content.

 

(3d)

(i) Irrigation helps to provide water to crops during periods of drought or low rainfall.

(ii) It helps to increase crop yields and improve crop quality.

(iii) Irrigation can help to reduce soil salinity and improve soil fertility.

(iv) It can also help to extend the growing season and increase the variety of crops that can be grown.

 

 

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SECTION C (ANSWER ONE FROM QUESTION 5 & 6)

 

5ai) GIVEN:

D=1960cm

R=D/2=1960/2cm

=>The area of the farmland is A = πr²/4 = π(1960cm/2)²/4 = 3,018,306.92 cm²

(5aii) The number of mounds on the farmland is N = A/2m² = 1,509,153.46 mounds

(5aiii) The total number of setts needed is S = N * 5000 sett/ha = (N * 5000 sett/ha) * (10,000 m²/ha) = 75,457,673,000 setts

(5aiv)

(I) intercropping with legumes or vegetables to improve soil fertility and reduce weed growth

(II)crop rotation with other crops like maize or cassava to reduce pest and disease pressure

(III)mulching to conserve soil moisture and suppress weed growth.

 

(5b)

(i)Selecting appropriate tree species that are compatible with other crops in the system and can provide multiple benefits such as shade, soil improvement, and biodiversity conservation.

(ii) Planting trees at the appropriate density and spacing to avoid competition with other crops for resources such as water and nutrients.

(iii). Pruning and managing trees regularly to maintain a balance between their growth and the needs of other crops in the system.

 

(5c)

(i) Impatiens spp. (touch-me-nots)

(ii) Cardamine hirsuta (hairy bittercress)

(iii) Oxalis spp. (wood sorrels)

 

 

 

 

 

(6ai)

It helps to reduce soil temperature, conserve soil moisture and prevent rotten of yam setts.

 

(6aii)

It ensures adequate exposure of the leaf surface to sunlight and increases yield.

 

(6aiii)

To ensure even spreading and neatness of the vines to receive sunlight.

 

(6bi)

Pennisetum purpureum.

 

(6bii)

Axonopus compressus.

 

(6biii)

Stylosanthes gracilis.

 

(6biv)

Pueraria phaseoloides.

 

(6c)

(i) Weeds help in checking soil erosion.

(ii) Some weeds ate useful as food for humans.

(iii) Some weeds serve as feed for livestock.

(iv) Certain weeds have medicinal properties.

 

(6d) CHECK THE DIAGRAM

 

 

 

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SECTION D (ANSWER ONE FROM QUESTION 7 & 8)

7a)

(i) Health status of the rabbit

(ii) Age and weight of the rabbit

(iii) Reproductive history of the rabbit

(iv) Conformation and breed of the rabbit

 

(7b)

(i) Proper temperature and humidity control

(ii) Regular turning of the eggs

(iii) Adequate ventilation

(iv) Proper sanitation and disinfection of equipment

 

(7c)

(i) Environmental temperature

(ii) Feed intake

(iii) Type of feed and its nutrient content

(iv) Physiological state of the animal (e.g. lactation, growth, pregnancy)

 

(7d)

(i) Amylase – breaks down carbohydrates

(ii) Protease – breaks down proteins

(iii) Lipase – breaks down fats

(iv) Nuclease – breaks down nucleic acids

 

 

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(8a) {CHOOSE ANY BEST 4}

(i) It maintains body temperature by disturbing heat during circulation.

(ii) The red blood cell carries oxygen with help of haemoglobin to different parts of the body.

(iii) It transports hormones from ductless glands to their areas of activities

(iv) It helps to transport digested food to the cells.

(v) It also helps to maintain the water level of the body.

 

(8bi)

(i) They serve as source of income to farmers.

(ii) They are used in clothing materials, such as jackets.

 

(8bii)

(i) Egg is a source of protein in human food or diet.

(ii) Egg is industrially processed and is used to make paints and vanishes of printer’s ink.

 

(8biii)

(i) It is a rich source of protein, e.g. cow tail pepper soup.

(ii) It is used for some traditional outings in some societies.

 

(8c) ———

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SECTION E (ANSWER ONE FROM QUESTION 9 & 10)

 

(10a)

Scale of preference is defined as a list of unsatisfied wants arranged in the order of their relative importance. OR It is a list showing the order in which we want to satisfy our wants arranged in order of priority. (CHOOSE ANY ONE YOU LOVE FROM THE BOTTOM OF YOUR SOUL).

 

(10bi – 10biii)

CHECK THE COMING SOON DIAGRAM…

 

(10biv)

(i) Sales Account.

(ii) Purchase Account.

 

(10c)

(i) It enables participants to debate issues and make sound judgments about lessons being taught.

(ii) It appeals to logic and reasoning.

(iii) It provides a problem-solving practical experience. That is, it makes learning easier.

(iv) It allows the teaching of a larger number of farmers at the same time.

(v) It is more economical in terms of time, energy and other resources compared to other methods.

(vi) Communication is made much easier for the extension officer and agent.

 

 

 

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